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What Auditors
Look for When Examining a Business
Know what an IRS auditor
looks for when examining your business and its records.
First and foremost, the IRS training manual tells its auditors
that they are examining you, not just your tax return.
The auditor wants to see how you match up with the income reported
on your return -- "economic reality" in IRS-speak. If your
business is audited, the IRS will likely investigate these issues:
Did you report all of your
business sales or receipts?
If you "forgot" to report significant business income --
$10,000 or more -- strongly consider hiring a tax pro to
handle the audit. Remove yourself from the process altogether.
If the auditor finds evidence of large amounts of unreported
income, and it looks intentional, he may call in the IRS
criminal investigation team. However, if there is any kind of
halfway plausible explanation ("someone must have forgotten to
record September's sales"), then don't worry about jail. The
auditor will probably just assess the additional tax you
should have paid in the first place, plus interest and a 20%
penalty.
Did you write off personal
living costs as business expenses?
Let's face it, every small-time operator has claimed a
personal expense as a business one. For little things, such as
a few personal long-distance calls on the business telephone
line, the IRS won't get too excited. But if you deducted
$2,000 in repairs on your motor home during a trip to
Yellowstone, an auditor may figure this out by looking at your
receipts and disallow it, with penalty added.
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Does your lifestyle square
with your reported income?
An auditor sizes you up for dress style, jewelry, car and
furnishings in your home or office if given a chance to make
these observations. Someone who looks like a Vegas high
roller, with a tax return of a missionary, will cause any
auditor to dig deeper.
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Did you take cash or
otherwise divert income into your own pocket without declaring
it? Expect the
auditor to suspect skimming if your business handles a lot of
cash.
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Did you write off personal
auto expenses as business?
Personal use of your business-deducted set of wheels is so
common that auditors expect to find it. That doesn't mean they
will accept it, however. Auditors don't believe you use your
one-and-only auto 100% for business and never to run to the
grocery store or the dentist. If you operate your car for both
business and pleasure and claim a high percentage of business
usage, keep good records (preferably a mileage log).
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Did you claim personal
entertainment, meals or vacation costs as business expenses?
Travel and entertainment business expenses are another area
where the IRS knows it can strike gold. Document all travel
and entertainment deductions. Taking buddies to the ball game
and calling it business won't fly if you can't explain the
business relationship in a credible fashion.
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If you have employees, are
you filing payroll tax returns and making tax deposits?
Employment taxes are a routine part of every audit of a small
enterprise.
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And last but not least, if
you hire people you call "independent contractors," are they
really employees?
The IRS routinely conducts audits of businesses that hire
independent contractors because of the tax savings associated
with hiring contractors instead of employees.
This list is
by no means complete. These are just the most likely things an IRS
auditor looks for.
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